HSE Management Components
Health, Safety and Environmental management must be part of the engineering profession in a country with the aim of
or fiduciary duty
or economic reasons and
or legal reasons.
HSE Management should then consider five main stages:
* Specifications
* Design and construction
* Installation and commissioning
* Operation and Maintenance
* Changes after commissioning.
* Compliancerequires four essential elements:
* Identification of safety functions required for safe stopping
* Assign an integrity level (SIL) for each safety function
* The use of life cycle design and safety for the
* Check the achieved SIL for each safety function.
3.0 Code of Practice ENGINEERING
The Code of Practice the technique takes into account the following:
* Public safety: a priority for the safety and welfare ofthe community and in the light of this principle in the valuation of liabilities, employers, customers and colleagues.
* Risk management: take reasonable steps to minimize the risk of loss of life, injury or suffering.
* Web at work and construction: Minimize potential hazards in the design and manufacture of products and engineering processes involved.
* Public / Community Wellness
* Communication
* Conflicts of interest
* Confidentiality
ThePrivilege of practicing engineering be entrusted to qualified persons to apply for and who is responsible for the technical skills, scientific knowledge and ingenuity for the advancement of human welfare and quality of life. Basis of behavior by engineers truth, honesty and reliability are in their service to society, honorable and ethical practice shows fairness, courtesy and good faith towards clients, colleagues and others. Engineers take social, cultural,Economic, environmental and safety standards into account and strive for an efficient use of resources of the planet on the long-term needs of the people to meet.
4.0 ENGINEERING DRAWINGS OF SAFE
Security is a problem in almost all technical design processes. The engineers have to say about security in the context of design and what it means to understand a design to ensure against human injury.
Current methods of design priorities of the economic, ecological considerationsones. In some cases, economic considerations also serve environmental goals. For example, this means the minimization of materials used in a structure more resources can be saved. If you are at the expense of the length of the life of a product are stored, then the economic interests with environmental considerations, that the product is made ??as long as possible because of the need to minimize the use of resources and generation of waste in the long term.
Safety is theRather than risk. Thus, a design-safe, because it reduces the risk. Designing is sure to minimize the risks in the usual sense.
A safe design is the combination of all these procedures and principles used by engineers to ensure that the objects of accidents with people killed or injured, long-term impact on the health, environmental damage or dysfunction develops article
Several design strategies used for security measuresThe technology potentially hazardous are the following:
* Integration of security
* Safety factors
* Negative feedback (auto off) and
* Multiple safety barriers independently.
Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) is the most common method to assess safety, but the designs are used to reduce security risks in the standard (probabilistic) sense, but it is not sufficient. Security design strategies are used to reduce the estimated probabilities of injury or to reduce the uncertainties not only risks. They are usedthe risks and contingencies that may not be significant probabilities assigned address.
5.0 PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN IN ENGINEERING
There are four (4) main criteria in the engineering practice.
(A) Integration of Safety:
This minimizes the risks involved in the process as possible. The potential risks are excluded and not closed or directed. For example, hazardous substances are replaced by less dangerous, and refractory materials are used insteadflammable ones.
(B) Safety Factors
Construction should be strong enough to withstand stresses and disturbances, which are higher than intended. A common way to get to safety reserve is to be chosen employment uses explicit numerical safety factors. If a safety factor is used by two (2) for the construction of a bridge, the bridge is calculated to withstand twice the maximum load, which is exposed in practice.
(C) Negative feedback mechanisms
This isintroduced to an automatic shutoff if the device fails or if the operator loses control to get. Examples are safety valves that let off steam when the pressure is too high in a steam boiler and place of the dead, which stops the train if the driver falls asleep. One of the most important safety measures in the field of nuclear energy is to ensure that the reactors automatically shut down in critical situations.
(D) several independent safety barriers
Doors are arranged inChains, so that every barrier regardless of its predecessors (if the first fails, the second is still intact) is. The first barrier to prevent accidents to limit, the second barrier of an accident and emergency services as a last resort.
Safety factors and multiple safety barriers deal with the uncertainties and risks. But at the time of the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) is used, but not to deal with uncertainties. Probabilistic calculations can support, not replaceethically responsible opinion Engineers' (environment, health and safety culture).
Principles of safety technology and the training of operating personnel, maintenance of equipment and facilities and the reporting of incidence are examples of safety equipment is of general interest.
6.0 HEALTH, SAFETY and Environmental Management in Engineering Practice
The engineering profession is the harbinger of health management, safety and environmentalDue to the complexity of the production work and its impact on the lives of the population. Since we have taken so long in our professional practice?
Seven (7) bad engineering practices have been identified:
"Will" * The belief that if something is not specified, or or "not" rules, an engineer needs to worry about.
* Think that meet the minimum requirements, the process safe and meets theNorm.
* Ignore the importance of good engineering practice.
* To meet the needs of economic development of systems, but not the need to protect the security.
* Neglect of human factors (errors in the calculations, etc.)
* The focus on capital costs and lifecycle costs.
* Focusing only on the Integrity Level (SIL) and not on prevention.
Security is an essential prerequisite to the ethical practice of engineering. Strategies for designing safer not only for reducingEstimated probability of injury but also to the risks and contingencies that may not be significant probabilities assigned address. The designers have an ethical responsibility for buildings that are safe for future use should be made. Safety is a matter of avoiding certain classes of events that are morally right to prevent.
In the design, including security aspect more security against accidental death or injury of the people that occur because of inadvertent use of the amniotic sacObject:
* Prevention of damage to the environment
* Avoid long-term effects on health
For example, if a bridge collapses, the engineers who are responsible for it designed.
Planners and builders the safety of construction for the use of scaffolding, network tool, tool boxes, lifts, and mechanical hand to security procedures must obey, sites use of personal protective equipment (PPE) (Boots / Helmets), clear passages and road tolls, Construction Tapefence off the areas of labor, etc. Most engineers have overlooked this aspect, as well, playing with the lives of the general population.
What engineers have lasting impact on the security level and define our culture, environment, health and safety.
7.0 Ethical Obligations IN THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING
Ethical obligations are necessary for engineers to carry out their profession. Without the obligation of confidentiality, clients might not trust engineers commercially sensitive information. Without these data, the engineers could not their job. The moral obligation of our profession as tasks that are necessary to be seen.
There are five (5) basic values, ethical commitments to:
* Protection of lives and protect people.
* Professionalism, integrity and competence
* Commitment to community / public health
* Sustainable management and care> Environment
* Support of Knowledge Processing
8.0 Requirements Engineering PRACTICE
* Includes the engineers leading health, safety and environmental / welfare of the public in the exercise of their profession.
* Engineers will only practice in their areas of expertise or field, carefully and conscientiously and in accordance with the rules, laws, regulations, rules and regulations applicable to engineering practice.
* Engineers examine the socialand environmental implications of their actions and projects, including the use and conservation of resources and energies to make recommendations and decisions ..
* Engineers must declare their interests clearly.
* The engineer must sign and assume responsibility for all technical work, the prepared or directly supervised. Engineers can view the works of others only with their consent and after the review and verification prepared enough.
* Engineers shall actto preserve as faithful agents for their employers and customers and the confidentiality, avoid conflicts of interest, where possible, and open conflict inevitable.
* Professional Engineers concerns must be disclosed to the client and the consequences of technical decisions or judgments.
* Engineers should refuse a public work, the design decisions and practices that endanger the public the HSE.
* The engineer, lifelong learning must be committed, strive, in front of the bodyEngineering knowledge and engineers should encourage others to do the same.
* Engineers must promote responsibility, commitment and ethics, both during training and practice of engineering. You should raise awareness of the responsibility of the engineer company to the public and promote the communication of these principles of ethical conduct among engineers.
9.0 HSE MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY
This is about the long-term survival of humanity. It recognizes that decisionsmade today need to both current and foreseeable future of the people who make effective decisions about their quality of life allow.
Can identify non-compliance of safety risks and the inability to address or control over these risks lead to enormous costs, both human and economic. The interdisciplinary nature of safety engineering means that a very wide range of professionals actively involved in accident prevention or safety engineering.
Failure or endangering of criticalonly a few people. A catastrophic failure threatened harms or kills a significant number of people. Engineering error or the inability to integrate HSE management in his practice spells disaster.
10.0 The WAY FORWARD
Everyone needs to strengthen its understanding of HSE awareness and safety. Moreover, the cost-effective solutions to develop the return on investment.
Engineers take the first draft of a system, analyze errors to find whatcan occur and then beat safety requirements before the design specifications and modifications to existing systems in order to make the system safer.
If problems are discovered important safety late in the design process, correcting them can be very expensive. This type of error has the potential to waste large sums of money.
* At any time, with all reasonable care to ensure that your work and the consequences of their work is an unacceptable risk for lead safety.
* Take all reasonable stepsTo make their management / client and those whom they have a duty of care, the risks are consciously identified.
* Take the abuse or neglect your professional advice formally aware of the consequent risks.
E * "key for engineers to obtain a deep understanding and practical guidelines for the many questions that inevitably arise technical and professional in their role as owners of public employees. This is achieved through appropriate education, training,Experience, license, professional engineering practice and professional development.
11.0 CONCLUSION
The engineering practice such as the construction industry is the causative agent of social and economic development, the barometer of economic activity and a very large employer working in Nigeria. It represents over 60% in aggregate principal amount of the investment. It is the largest employer (think of all the electrical, mechanical, civil, chemical, and computer workstationsIndustry).
Health, safety and environment, which should be taken seriously in this profession with the lives and property prices. Security necessary to prevent accidents, diseases and adverse health effects of public sector activities on site or off site and the surrounding area.
A good HSE management is visible in a country by the quality of the professional ethics of professional engineers and the level of inclusivetheir values ??and health of their environment, ie the degree of cleanliness (hygiene and public toilets).
It can only through personal commitment, determination and sacrifice for the long-term benefits and short, it develops. HSE management practice begins with an awareness of safety. Safety consciousness resides with each of us and should be taken together with our professional practices.
People should realize that their healthand well-being are linked to the quality of their environment and apply the principles of welfare for groping improve the quality of their environment.
As engineers, we have other security conscious at all times and refrain from anything which may lead to accidents. We should implement security measures in all our daily activities and take our safety and that of others around us as our responsibility, especially in our practices.
Finally, asThe engineers, we pursue sustainable management of the health, safety and environment and make it an integral part of our practice today should be for the relevance of our engineering profession tomorrow. And "only if this is the fact that our work ethic to be very much to know that the products of our professional practice a great influence on the lives of the citizens of this country as a whole have.
Managing health, safety and environmental practice is soand not only necessary, but it remains an essential component of our work ethics in the practice of engineering in Nigeria and elsewhere, and this must always be supported by all.
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